{"id":128078,"date":"2025-04-03T00:01:03","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T23:01:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/easo.org\/?p=128078"},"modified":"2025-04-02T21:41:06","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T20:41:06","slug":"weight-loss-targets-in-obesity-management-is-this-the-wrong-objective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/easo.org\/fr\/weight-loss-targets-in-obesity-management-is-this-the-wrong-objective\/","title":{"rendered":"Les objectifs de perte de poids % dans la prise en charge de l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 : s'agit-il d'un objectif erron\u00e9 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

De nouvelles recherches qui seront pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es lors du Congr\u00e8s europ\u00e9en sur l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (ECO 2025, Malaga, Espagne, 11-14 mai) sugg\u00e8rent que les programmes de perte de poids visant une perte de poids sp\u00e9cifique de % \u00e9chouent souvent et que d'autres facteurs doivent \u00eatre pris en compte, notamment l'am\u00e9lioration des complications li\u00e9es \u00e0 l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, l'am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie et le fonctionnement physique et social global. Ces recherches ont \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es par une \u00e9quipe internationale compos\u00e9e notamment du Dr Sanjeev Sockalingam, d'Obesity Canada et du Centre de toxicomanie et de sant\u00e9 mentale de Toronto, dans l'Ontario (Canada), ainsi que de leurs coll\u00e8gues.<\/p>\n

Il est essentiel d'identifier les objectifs les plus appropri\u00e9s pour la prise en charge de l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 en raison de la complexit\u00e9 de cette maladie associ\u00e9e \u00e0 une multitude de complications de sant\u00e9. Le pourcentage de perte de poids a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 comme crit\u00e8re d'\u00e9valuation des r\u00e9sultats dans le traitement de l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Cependant, cet objectif fixe peut conduire \u00e0 un r\u00e9sultat \u2018 r\u00e9ussite ou \u00e9chec \u2019, laissant peu de place \u00e0 d'autres facteurs qui font une r\u00e9elle diff\u00e9rence dans la vie des personnes ob\u00e8ses.\u00a0 Cette revue exploratoire visait \u00e0 synth\u00e9tiser les donn\u00e9es probantes sur les objectifs bas\u00e9s sur le pourcentage de poids dans les interventions contre l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et \u00e0 discuter de leur corr\u00e9lation avec les r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les auteurs ont effectu\u00e9 une revue en consultant les bases de donn\u00e9es couramment utilis\u00e9es, notamment Cochrane, MEDLINE et EMBASE, jusqu'au 29 juillet 2024. Les crit\u00e8res d'inclusion \u00e9taient les \u00e9tudes \u00e9valu\u00e9es par des pairs portant sur des adultes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 18 ans et plus souffrant d'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, et ax\u00e9es sur la perte de poids en pourcentage du poids corporel. Les chercheurs ont extrait les donn\u00e9es sur les caract\u00e9ristiques des \u00e9tudes et ont analys\u00e9 les objectifs de perte de poids vis\u00e9s en fonction des bienfaits pour la sant\u00e9 et des r\u00e9sultats.<\/p>\n

L'analyse a port\u00e9 sur 30 \u00e9tudes, dont des essais contr\u00f4l\u00e9s randomis\u00e9s (ECR) et des essais non randomis\u00e9s publi\u00e9s entre 1992 et 2024. Les \u00e9tudes visaient principalement une perte de poids comprise entre 31 TP3T et 101 TP3T, quelques-unes visant des seuils plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s. L'analyse a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un \u00e9cart notable entre la perte de poids vis\u00e9e et la perte de poids r\u00e9elle, soulignant l'\u00e9chec fr\u00e9quent dans la r\u00e9alisation des objectifs fix\u00e9s. Un tiers des \u00e9tudes n'ont pas fourni de r\u00e9sultats post-\u00e9tude concernant l'IMC ou la variation de poids.\u00a0 <\/strong>Les raisons qui ont motiv\u00e9 le choix d'objectifs sp\u00e9cifiques en mati\u00e8re de perte de poids variaient, allant des r\u00e9sultats li\u00e9s \u00e0 des maladies sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 l'am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie. Peu d'\u00e9tudes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ues pour examiner les diff\u00e9rences au-del\u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats li\u00e9s \u00e0 la variation de poids.<\/p>\n

\u201c Les interventions visant \u00e0 lutter contre l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 gagneraient \u00e0 se concentrer davantage sur des param\u00e8tres plus complets et ax\u00e9s sur le patient, tels que l'am\u00e9lioration des complications li\u00e9es \u00e0 l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, l'am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie et le fonctionnement physique et social global. \u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

La nature de l'examen exploratoire a permis aux auteurs d'examiner d'o\u00f9 venait l'objectif fr\u00e9quent de perte de poids de 5% et comment les \u00e9tudes fixaient la perte de poids de % comme objectif. Ils ont d\u00e9couvert que l'objectif initial de perte de poids de 5% avait \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9 \u00e0 partir d'un petit nombre d'\u00e9tudes bien document\u00e9es dans lesquelles cet \u201c objectif \u201d de 5% \u00e9tait associ\u00e9 \u00e0 des bienfaits pour la sant\u00e9. Cependant, cette nouvelle revue n'a pas examin\u00e9 quantitativement la fr\u00e9quence \u00e0 laquelle les personnes atteignaient cet objectif de perte de poids de 5%. Les auteurs ont toutefois observ\u00e9 que dans certaines des \u00e9tudes examin\u00e9es, seul un tiers des patients avaient atteint un objectif de perte de poids de 10% ou plus.<\/p>\n

L'\u00e9tude a \u00e9galement montr\u00e9 qu'il faudrait envisager d'aller au-del\u00e0 des objectifs de perte de poids % et la litt\u00e9rature plus r\u00e9cente recommande de s'int\u00e9resser aux bienfaits plus larges pour la sant\u00e9, au-del\u00e0 de la seule perte de poids.\u00a0 Les auteurs affirment : \u201c La plupart des \u00e9tudes examin\u00e9es dans notre revue portaient sur des populations qui non seulement souffraient d'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, mais pr\u00e9sentaient \u00e9galement une multitude de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Enfin, nous avons constat\u00e9 que les \u00e9tudes montrent souvent une am\u00e9lioration des r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des interventions telles que la nutrition, l'exercice physique et le mode de vie, ind\u00e9pendamment des r\u00e9sultats en mati\u00e8re de perte de poids. \u201d<\/p>\n

Les auteurs concluent : \u201c Malgr\u00e9 la pr\u00e9valence des objectifs de perte de poids \u00e9tablis, notre analyse sugg\u00e8re que ceux-ci sont souvent inatteignables et non viables pour la plupart des participants. Les interventions de prise en charge de l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 gagneraient \u00e0 se concentrer davantage sur des param\u00e8tres plus complets et ax\u00e9s sur le patient, tels que l'am\u00e9lioration des complications li\u00e9es \u00e0 l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, l'am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie et du fonctionnement physique et social global. Cette approche pourrait fournir des mesures de r\u00e9ussite plus significatives, allant au-del\u00e0 de la simple perte de poids. \u201d<\/p>\n

Dr Sanjeev Sockalingam, Obesity Canada, Centre de toxicomanie et de sant\u00e9 mentale, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. <\/strong>T) +1 647-625-2365<\/a> E) <\/strong>sanjeev.sockalingam@camh.ca<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Tony Kirby au Centre des m\u00e9dias ECO. T) +44 7834 385827<\/a> E) <\/strong>tony.kirby@tonykirby.com<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Les auteurs d\u00e9clarent n'avoir aucun conflit d'int\u00e9r\u00eats pertinent.<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00e9claration de financement<\/strong>Cette recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e par Obesity Canada et financ\u00e9e par une subvention accord\u00e9e \u00e0 l'initiative des chercheurs par Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly Canada, Boehringer Ingelheim et Amgen.<\/p>\n

Ce communiqu\u00e9 de presse est bas\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de derni\u00e8re minute 1437 pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 lors du Congr\u00e8s europ\u00e9en sur l'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (ECO) qui s'est tenu \u00e0 Malaga, en Espagne, du 11 au 14 mai. Le contenu a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9 par les pairs du comit\u00e9 de s\u00e9lection du congr\u00e8s. Il n'existe pas de document complet \u00e0 ce stade. Les travaux n'ont pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis \u00e0 une revue m\u00e9dicale en vue de leur publication. Comme il s'agit d'une publication pr\u00e9liminaire, aucun poster n'est disponible.<\/p>\n

Pour lire le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 complet, cliquez ici. <\/strong>ici<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

X \u2013 anciennement Twitter : #ECO2025 @EASOobesity\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

New research to be presented at this year\u2019s European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2025, Malaga, Spain, 11-14 May) suggests that weight loss programmes targeting a particular % weight loss are often failing, and that other factors should be considered including improvement of obesity-related complications, enhancing quality of life and overall physical and social functioning. 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